<body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" class="Normal"> <font face="verdana" size="2">Study Guide for Philosophy 3 Test on Writing</font> <style> </style> <meta name="author" content="Sandy LaFave"><BODY BGCOLOR="#F5f5dc"> <center> <table cellpadding="0" border="0" cellspacing="0" width="734"> <td width="734" valign="bottom" class="Normal"><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> </font> <H2>Study Guide for English Exam</H2> <hr> <div class=Section1> <span style='font-family:Verdana'> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Your English exam will contain questions on all the following items. To prepare for the English exam, read this list carefully, look up anything you're not clear on, and make sure you <I>pass all the selftests and sample exams listed below</I>. </font></p> <p class=MsoPlainText><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> I strongly suggest you achieve the highest possible grade you can on the English exam before you attempt to hand in ANY essays for this class. You must take the English exam on the posted/announced date, and you may repeat it two more times (three times total) until the posted/announced cut-off date. I will count your highest grade. The English exam is the ONLY piece of work for this class for which you get multiple attempts. If you do not score above 54 on the English exam by your third attempt, your essays are unlikel y to be technically adequate to pass the class. </font></p> <OL> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B>Misuse of the apostrophe (possessives and contractions)</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">For review, see <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/apostrophe_quiz2.htm"> Self Test on the Apostrophe</a>. If you do not do well, go <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/marks/apostrophe.htm">here</a> for information on correct use of the apostrophe. Also look <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/possessives.htm">here</a> for info on possessives. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B>Misuse of the comma</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">For review, see <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/commas.htm">Commas (explanation and selftests)</a>. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B>Errors in singular-plural agreement</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">For more info, see <a href= "http://leo.stcloudstate.edu/grammar/pronante.html">Singular/Plural Matching (explanation)</a>. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B>Run- on sentences</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Take the following self-tests to see if you need help: <br> <a href= "http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/run-ons_add1.htm">Self Test 1 on Run-ons</a>;<br> <a href= "http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/run-ons_add2.htm">Self Test 2 on Run-ons</a>;<br> <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/nova/nova4.htm">Self Test 3 on Run-ons (Comma Splices)</a>. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><font face="Verdana" size="2"><font face="Verdana" size="2"> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B> Sentence fragments</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">To see if you need help here, take the following self-tests: <br> <a href= "http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/fragments_add1.htm">Self Test 1 on Sentence Fragments</a>;<br> <a href= "http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/fragments_add2.htm">Self Test 2 on Sentence Fragments</a>;<br> <a href= "http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/fragments_quiz.htm">Self Test on Fragments and Run-ons</a>. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><font face="Verdana" size="2"><font face="Verdana" size="2"> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B> Danglers (aka "misplaced modifiers")</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> O'Conner has a whole chapter on danglers. Read it; it's a hoot! See <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/modifiers.htm">here </a> for another excellent explanation, and do the <a href= "http://www.ccc.commnet.edu/cgi-shl/quiz.pl/modifier_quiz.htm">Self Test on Danglers</a>. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B> Wordy, fat, redundant sentences</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> Most students need work on this! See <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/concise.htm">Writing Concisely (explanation and selftests)</a>. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B> Avoiding passive voice</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> See <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/passive.htm">Active and Passive Voice (explanation and selftest)</a>. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B> Parallel construction</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> See <a href= "http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/parallelism.htm">Parallelism (explanation and selftest)</a>. <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <B>Problems in punctuation of dialog</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Many students like to write their papers in dialog form. I like dialogs, too. They're more fun for both of us. BUT -- please don't attempt a dialog unless you can punctuate it correctly! In particular, note carefully the correct punctuation of <i>direct address</i> (when one character addresses another by name or by words such as "man," "dude," or "girl"). There's an important difference between "I know Jane" and "I know, Jane"; and between "I know that girl" and "I know that, girl." Because serious ambiguities can result from this kind of carelessness, you <i>must</i> use commas to separate the direct address word from the rest of the text, even when there is no apparent ambiguity. When the direct address word is embedded within a sentence, you need <i>two</i> commas, one before and one after: for example, "We all recognize<b>, </b> Lisa<b>,</b> that you are unusually intelligent." <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><B>The following common confusions:</B> </font></p> <p class=MsoBodyText3> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://home.comcast.net/~garbl/stylemanual/">Common confusions of spelling and usage</a>: </font></p> <p class=MsoBodyText3> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/g_spelprob.html"><i>accept / except</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/g_spelprob.html"><i>affect / effect</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://members.aol.com/drcarlperrin/among.html"><i>among / between</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/amount.html"><i>amount / number</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/cite.html"><i>cite / site / sight</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.bartleby.com/64/C003/062.html"><i>chord / cord</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.bigringwriting.com/id29.htm"><i>complement / compliment</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.bartleby.com/68/3/1403.html"><i>compose / consist / comprise</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/conscience.html"><i>conscience / conscious</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/desert.html"><i>desert / dessert</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://members.aol.com/drcarlperrin/disinterested.html"><i>disinterested / uninterested</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>do / due</i> ("The paper is <I>due</I> Friday. I know you can <I>do</I> it!") </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://home.comcast.net/~garbl/stylemanual/e.htm"><i>each other / one another</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/e.g.html"><i>e.g. / i.e.</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/everyday.html"><i>everyday / every day</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.culturebridge.com/esl/less_vs_fewer.html"><i>fewer / less</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://home.comcast.net/~garbl/stylemanual/ithruj.htm"><i>imply / infer</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/its.html"><i>it�s / its</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>know / no </i> ("You're kidding! <i>No</I> way! You don't <I>know</I> this?") </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/lose.html"><i>loose / lose</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>posses</I> (more than one posse, as in "We'll round up a posse, Sheriff") </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><I>possess</I> (have) </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/principal.html"><i>principal / principle</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>sole / soul </i> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">("Now that I'm dying, my <I>sole</I> concern is the fate of my <i>soul</I>!") </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~brians/errors/than.html"><i>than / then </i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.better-english.com/easier/theyre.htm"><i>there / they�re / their</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>udder / utter </i> (Look this one up if you don't get it: it's too funny!) </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.bartleby.com/68/21/6421.html"><I>waver / waiver</i></a><br> A <I>waver</i> is someone who waves. "Waver" is also a verb meaning to be unsteady. </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://www.wsu.edu/~brians/errors/weather.html"><i>weather / whether</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="http://webster.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/who2_quiz.htm"><i>who�s / whose</i></a> </font></p> <p> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><i>your / you�re </i><br> <I>Your</i> is the possessive form of the pronoun <I>you</I>, meaning "belonging to you," while <I>you're</i> is a contraction of "you are." "The New Age guru said, 'You're your best friend.'" <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font></p> <LI> <p class=MsoBodyText3><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The following words occur commonly in philosophy papers. <B>Spell these words correctly!</B> </font></p> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> accommodate<br> acquaintance<br> argument<br> believe<br> causal<br> conceive<br> consistency<br> definition<br> empirical<br> existence<br> inherent<br> judgment<br> knowledge<br> necessary<br> occurrence<br> phenomenon (singular)<br> phenomena (plural)<br> philosophy<br> principal<br> principle<br> separate<br> supersede </font></p> </OL> <font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><font face="Verdana" size="2"><font face="Verdana" size="2"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><font face="Verdana" size="2"><font face="Verdana" size="2"><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> <span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Verdana'> </font> <p><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">For comprehensive review, do the <a href= "part4_selftest.html">General Self Test on English Grammar and </a></font><a href= "part4_selftest.html">Spelling</a>. </p> <hr> <p class=MsoPlainText>  <SCRIPT LANGUAGE="JavaScript"> var dateMod="" ;dateMod=document.lastModified ; document.write("Last Updated: "); document.write(dateMod); document.write(); </SCRIPT>  </div> </table> </body></center> </html>